What in the world is SEER, EER, and HSPF?

If you’ve ever shopped for an air conditioner or heat pump, you’ve likely stumbled across terms like SEER, EER, and HSPF. These acronyms might sound like tech jargon, but they’re key to understanding how efficient your cooling or heating system is. Let’s break them down in plain English.

SEER: Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio
SEER measures the efficiency of an air conditioner or heat pump over an entire cooling season. It’s calculated by dividing the total cooling output (in British Thermal Units, or BTUs) by the total energy consumed (in watt-hours) during that period. The higher the SEER rating, the more energy-efficient the unit. For example, a SEER of 16 is more efficient than a SEER of 13, meaning lower energy bills and a smaller environmental footprint. Modern systems typically range from 13 to 25 SEER.

EER: Energy Efficiency Ratio
EER is similar to SEER but focuses on efficiency at a specific outdoor temperature (usually 95°F). It’s a snapshot of how well a unit performs under peak cooling conditions. Like SEER, a higher EER means better efficiency. EER is especially useful for comparing systems in hot climates where ACs work hardest. You’ll often see EER ratings between 9 and 15 for residential units.

HSPF: Heating Seasonal Performance Factor
HSPF applies to heat pumps in heating mode. It measures the total heat output (in BTUs) divided by the energy consumed (in watt-hours) over a heating season. Higher HSPF ratings indicate better efficiency for keeping your home warm. Typical HSPF ratings range from 7 to 13, with higher numbers saving you more on heating costs.

Why Do These Matter?
Choosing a system with high SEER, EER, or HSPF ratings can save you money and reduce energy waste. However, higher-rated units often cost more upfront.  Because we have a much higher heating demand than cooling demand in central PA we focus mostly on HSPF for heat pumps.

Next time you’re shopping for an HVAC system, check these ratings on the label. They’re your guide to balancing comfort, cost, and efficiency. Want to dig deeper? Check manufacturer specs or fill our our form to contact us below to find the best fit for your home.